• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A lifting and lowering device comprising a carrier (15, 16), a container (25), and a holder (17, 18) for carrying and moving the carrier (15, 16) vertically in a container (25) is for a device for producing a three-dimensional object in layers is provided. The container can be designed as a powder storage container (7) or an object container (1). The carrier (15, 16) is connected to the holder (17, 18), the holder (17, 18) of the carrier (15, 16) being passed through a lateral opening in the container (25).
    公开号:CH710301B1
    申请号:CH01437/15
    申请日:2015-10-05
    公开日:2020-01-31
    发明作者:Solenicki Dominik；Von Burg Christian
    申请人:Sintratec Ag；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Description: The invention relates to a lifting and lowering device for carrying and moving a carrier vertically for a device for the layer-by-layer production of a three-dimensional object, which is used as a layer application device for the layer application of a powdery material. The powdery material can be plastics or polymers, typically PA, metals, ceramics or composite materials.
    Fig. 1 shows a laser sintering device. It has a container open at the top and bottom, hereinafter called object container 1, in which there is a carrier 2 which carries the powdery material and the object 41 to be formed. Together with a holding device 3 and a drive, the carrier 2 forms a lifting and lowering device, with which the carrier 2 is moved up and down in the vertical direction within the object container 1. Above the object container 1 there is a radiation device 4 in the form of a laser, which emits a directed light beam 5 via a deflection device 6 in the direction of the object 41 to be formed.
    Furthermore, there is an adjacent to the object container 1, open downwards and upwards powder storage container 75, in which there is also a lifting and lowering device analogous to the lifting and lowering device in the object container 1. In combination with the containers, an application device 8 conveys a quantity of powdery material depending on the desired layer thickness of the object to be created from the powder storage container 7 into the object container 1, accompanied by an upward movement of the lifting and lowering device in the powder storage container 7 and depending on the desired layer thickness Downward movement of the lifting and lowering device in the object container 1.
    There are also known devices that use only one object container with lifting device instead of a powder container 7 adjacent to the object container 1 with lifting device. The powder storage container is located above the object container and has an opening on its underside, from which powdered material can leak if necessary. A corresponding device is disclosed in US 4,863,538.
    According to the prior art, various designs for the application device are known. Examples are a cross element with a fixed blade, which runs on two rails, or a doctor blade or a counter-rotating roller, as described in US Pat. No. 5,053,090.
    To produce an object, after a powder application, the light beam is directed via the deflection device onto the powder surface of the powdery material in the object container in such a way that the deflected light beam strikes one after the other at all desired locations, that is to say in this layer the object, and there the powdery one Material solidified by sintering.
    In US 5 155 324, the lifting device is realized, according to which a carrier is attached to a holding device. The holder is fixed by means of the holding device from below the object or powder storage container, pushing through its lower opening.
    This has the disadvantage that below the container space for holding and driving the carrier is needed at least at the height of the container, in the event that a carrier is in the lowest possible position.
    The object of the present invention is to provide a space-saving lifting and lowering device and an associated application device. In particular, an optimized lifting and lowering device is to be provided for faster and more energy-efficient layer-by-layer production of components by sintering.
    The object is achieved by a lifting and lowering device according to claim 1. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims.
    The lifting and lowering device for carrying and moving a carrier vertically in a container is particularly suitable for a device for producing a three-dimensional object in layers. The container can be designed as a powder storage container or object container. The lifting and lowering device comprises a carrier, a container and a holder. The carrier has the holder, the holder of the carrier being guided through a lateral opening in the container. The side opening can be in one of the side walls, the front wall or the rear wall of the container.
    According to one embodiment, a sealing plate is arranged outside the container on a side wall of the container and connected to the holder. The sealing plate can seal the lateral opening in the container in order to prevent powdery material from escaping from the container, wherein the sealing plate can be moved in parallel with the side wall of the container by exerting a contact pressure on the sealing plate.
    According to one embodiment, the sealing plate and / or the outside of the container are provided with a sealing material, wherein the sealing material can comprise at least one element from the group of plastic mats, metal plates, metal curtains or ceramic plates. The plastic mat can in particular contain an element from the group of glass fiber or polyester mats. The metal plate can in particular contain an element from the group of rustproof, uncoated or coated metal plates.
    CH 710 301 B1 According to one embodiment, the sealing material is temperature-resistant over a sintered area of a powdery material in the container. The powdery material can contain an element from the group of plastics or metals, with temperature resistance up to and including 350 ° C. being given in particular for a powdery material containing plastic and / or for a powdery material containing a metal, temperature resistance up to and including 2000 ° C is given.
    According to one embodiment, a rear wall of one or more containers is formed, the rear wall exceeding the height of the containers, in the rear wall at least one opening slot can be arranged through which the holder of the carrier is passed.
    According to one embodiment, a rail is arranged on an upper edge of a front wall of the container opposite the rear wall. A rail which is vertically offset from the rail can be arranged on an upper edge of the rear wall. Each of the rails can carry an application device for applying powdery material, the application device being movable along the rail or rails over the container or containers.
    According to one embodiment, the sealing plate may contain additional mechanical elements for positive, stable and precise guidance.
    According to one embodiment, the lateral opening in the container can be covered by a covering device which is connected on one side to an edge of the carrier and on another side is connected to a clamping device which is located on an upper edge of the container.
    According to one embodiment, the clamping device can consist of a passively or actively moving roller, which rolls the covering device accordingly when the carrier is moved up or down.
    [0020] The device according to one of the preceding exemplary embodiments can be used in a device for producing a three-dimensional object in layers. The three-dimensional object can be formed from a plurality of layers of a powdery material in that the uppermost layer in each case is solidified by a radiation device at the locations which correspond to the respective cross section of the object in this layer.
    The advantage of the invention is that vertical space can be saved, whereby the height of a device for layer-by-layer production of three-dimensional objects or a laser sintering device is essentially reduced. This enables the construction of a laser sintering device in desktop or small format. Since the interior of a laser sintering device is usually heated, the reduced volume also leads to energy savings and shorter heating times.
    The invention is explained in more detail with reference to exemplary embodiments which are illustrated in the drawings. From the figures shows:
    1 shows a laser sintering device according to the prior art,
    2 shows an illustration of a device according to a first embodiment of the invention,
    3 shows the device in the first embodiment and additionally an application device in an embodiment of the invention,
    4 shows a device according to a second embodiment of the invention,
    5 shows an illustration of a device and application device according to the invention in a laser sintering device.
    1 shows a device 40 for the layer-by-layer production of a three-dimensional object 41, as is known from the prior art. The three-dimensional object 41 is formed from a plurality of layers 42, 43, 44 of a powdery material, only the three uppermost layers being designated by way of example in FIG. 1. The layer thickness of each of the layers is essentially the same. The uppermost layer, here layer 44, is solidified by a radiation device 4 at the locations that correspond to the respective cross section of the object 41 in this layer 44. A directed light beam 5, which is designed as a laser beam, is generated by the radiation device, for example. The directed light beam 5 is detected by a deflection device 6 and deflected onto the layer 44. The light beam is guided over a surface on layer 44, which corresponds to the cross section of the three-dimensional object in this layer. The cross-section of the three-dimensional object is determined, for example, by a model of the same, the model being used to lay a series of horizontal cuts that correspond to the layers of the powdery material that is introduced into the object container 1 using the application device 8. The model can be stored in a process control device 36. On the one hand, the process control device 36 can regulate the radiation device 4 on the basis of the information it contains about the model of the object, set the direction of the directed light beam 5 via the deflection device 6, and the application device
    Actuate CH 710 301 B1 and actuate the lifting and lowering device, in particular actuate the drive 45 for the holding device 3 and optionally a drive 47 for the holding device 46 of the powder storage container 7. At the beginning of processing, the powder storage container 7, which is shown here empty, is filled with a powdery material. The lifting and lowering device, shown here by the holding device 46, is in the lowest position. The space between the object container 1 and the powder storage container 7 can also be filled with powdery material, so that the powdery material can be transported from the powder storage container 7 to the object container 1 by means of the application device 8. The object container 1 and the powder storage container 7 have a front wall which is not visible in this section, a left and right side wall shown in section in FIG. 1 and a rear wall. The object container 1 and the powder storage container 7 are open at the top and bounded at the bottom by a height-adjustable carrier 2, 49, which rests on the holding devices 3, 46 and is detachably or non-releasably connected to the respective holding connection, so that the total of carriers and holding devices in the Height is adjustable. Each of the carriers 2, 49, the holding devices 3, 46 and the associated drives 45, 47 form the lifting and lowering device. The side walls, the front wall and the rear wall form a closed peripheral surface along which the carrier 2, 49 can be moved up or down in the manner of a piston.
    First Embodiment Fig. 2 shows a first embodiment of the invention. A rear wall of the container 25, which can be an object container 1 or a powder storage container 7, is divided into two segments (FIGS. 9 and 10). The carrier 11 is connected to a holder which is guided through the gap created by the segments 9, 10 of the side wall. The bracket is attached to a vertical sealing plate 13. The height of the sealing plate 13 corresponds, for example, to the height of the side walls of the container and its width is greater than the gap of the segments 9, 10 of the side wall. The sealing plate is located outside the container and presses on the two segments 9, 10 of the side wall. The sealing plate 13 is coated with a material sealing the powdery material, so that no powdery material can leak laterally through the gap. The sealing material is typically a temperature-resistant plastic mat or a metal plate. The plastic mat can comprise at least one element from the group of glass fiber or polyester mats. The metal plate can comprise at least one element of the stainless, uncoated or coated metal plates with low thermal conductivity. The sealing material can also contain an element from the group of metal curtains or ceramic plates. The temperature resistance of the sealing material is given for the temperature range in which the sintering process takes place. This temperature resistance is typically up to and including 2000 ° C for sealing materials made of plastic and up to and including 350 ° C and for sealing materials made of metallic or ceramic materials.
    The sealing plate 13 has mechanical additional elements, such as springs or other elastic materials (silicone mats, etc.), which press them positively onto the container and enable stable and exact guidance of the sealing plate 13. The sealing plate 13 is also connected to a drive, not shown here, which can move it and thus the connected carrier 11 in the vertical direction.
    By means of the arrangement shown it can be achieved that the vertical movement of the carrier 11 in the object container 1 or powder storage container 7 required for the layer-by-layer production of an object with a powdery material can be realized in a space-saving manner by the holder 12 of the carrier 11 laterally through the Object container 1 or the powder storage container 7 is passed. The object container 1 or the powder storage container 7 is sealed by the sealing plate 13 connected to the holder 11.
    Second embodiment Fig. 3 shows a second embodiment of the invention. One side wall of object container 1 and powder storage container 7 is formed by a common rear wall 14. The carriers 15, 16 are each carried by the brackets 17, 18 connected to them, the brackets 17, 18 and the associated sealing plates 19, 20 being shown explosively offset in FIG. 3 for the sake of clarity. Due to the deflection device of the radiation device, not shown here, such as a laser sintering device, above the object container 1, space is required in a horizontal plane arranged above the container 25 for the arrangement of the radiation device 4 and the associated deflection device 6 or the process control device 36. Because the laser beam must be able to cover a sufficiently large area that corresponds to the maximum cross-sectional dimensions of the object in the respective layer plane. Space is also needed to gain access to the containers 25, for example to remove the manufactured object or to fill in the powdered material. In order not to waste space for a lifting device underneath the container, the invention advantageously uses the available space on the side of the container 25. When one of the supports 15, 16 is in the highest position, the sealing plate 19, 20, which presses against the rear wall 14, projects beyond the container 25.
    An application device 8, as described in connection with Fig. 1, has the disadvantage that the cross member 21 and a rail of the rear wall 14 or the sealing plates 19, 20 would get in the way. The invention therefore includes an advantageous application device 48 which can be moved back and forth on a rail 22 at the upper container edge height and / or can be moved back and forth on a second rail 23. The second rail 23 is vertically offset upwards from the first rail 22, so that the second rail 23 is above the maximum height of the
    CH 710 301 B1
    Sealing plates 19, 20 come to rest. The first rail 22 extends along the upper edge of the front wall of the container 25, the second rail 23 extends along the upper edge of the rear wall 14. The cross element 21 is therefore constructed in an L-shape, so that one end of the cross element 21 is in each case one the rails 22, 23 come to rest. The cross element 21 is part of the application device 48 in order to apply the powdery material. The transverse element 21 can be moved in the horizontal direction by a drive, not shown, and apply new powdery material to the carrier 15 or to already existing powdery material in the object container 1. The use of a first and a second rail 22, 23 instead of a single rail has the advantage that the cross element 21 can be pushed in a more fluid motion during application, which leads to a more evenly applied layer. Applicator 48 may include an element from the group of doctor blades, blades or rollers. In particular, a roller can run in the direction of the transverse element movement when the powdery material is applied. Other commercial application devices can be used without limitation in the present device.
    An embodiment of the invention is also conceivable, according to which the powder storage container 7 according to FIG. 3 is omitted and a powder reservoir is integrated into the application device or the application device is supplied via a feed line of powdered material from an external reservoir or located above the object container.
    Third embodiment Fig. 4 shows a third embodiment of the invention. The carrier 24 of the powder or object container, which is open at the top and bottom, hereinafter referred to as container 25, is held by a holder 28 which pierces the container 25 laterally. The opening for the holder 26 in the container is sealed by a cover device 27. This consists of a covering material (e.g. a glass fiber mat) which covers the lateral opening in the container 25, is attached to an edge of the carrier 24, and extends to the upper edge of the container 25. At the upper edge of the container 25 there is a clamping device 28 which clamps the covering material. For example, the clamping device 28 can be designed as a roller that rolls up or down the covering material accordingly when the carrier moves up and down. In this way it is achieved that the powdery material cannot escape through the lateral opening and the described advantages of a space-saving lifting device can be used.
    5 shows a section through the device according to the invention, which is arranged in a laser sintering device. The cut runs in the vertical direction through the container 23 along a cutting plane which is arranged parallel to the rear wall 14 and lies in front of the rear wall 14. A lateral opening is arranged in the container 29, which can be designed as an object container or powder storage container. In this lateral opening there is a carrier 30 which is carried by a holder 31 which in turn leaves the container 29 laterally. The holder 31 is connected outside the container 29 to a drive which can move the device in the vertical direction. An application device 37, for example implemented as in FIG. 3, applies powdered material to the container 29, which in this illustration is an exemplary embodiment of an object container 1. Above the object container 1 there is a laser deflection system 32, which directs the laser beam 35 generated by a laser source 33 through optics 34 onto the powder surface of the powdery material in the object container 1 and thus selectively hardens cross sections of the object to be produced in layers. The object is not shown in FIG. 5.
    Reference symbol list [0032]
    object container
    carrier
    holder
    radiation device
    beam of light
    deflector
    Powder reservoir
    applicator
    Side wall segment
    Side wall segment
    carrier
    CH 710 301 B1
    bracket
    sealing
    rear wall
    carrier
    carrier
    bracket
    bracket
    sealing
    sealing
    crossmember
    rail
    rail
    carrier
    Containers (powder storage container or object container)
    bracket
    covering
    chuck
    container
    carrier
    bracket
    Laserablenksystem
    laser source
    optics
    laser beam
    Process control device
    applicator
    contraption
    object
    layer
    layer
    layer
    drive
    holder
    drive
    applicator
    carrier
    CH 710 301 B1
    权利要求:
    Claims (12)
    [1]
    claims
    1. Lifting and lowering device for a device for producing a three-dimensional object in layers, comprising a carrier (2, 11, 15, 16, 24, 30, 49), a container (25, 29) and a holder (12, 17, 18, 26, 31), wherein the carrier (2, 11, 15, 16, 24, 30, 49) in the container (25, 29) is portable and vertically movable by means of a drive (45, 47), the container being Powder storage container (7) or object container (1) is formed, characterized in that the carrier (2,11,15,16,24,30,49) is connected to the holder (12,17,18,26,31) or is carried by the holder, the holder (12, 17, 18, 26, 31) being arranged such that it can move vertically in the container (25, 29), the holder (12, 17, 18, 26, 31) of the carrier (2 , 11, 15, 16, 24, 30, 49) is passed through a lateral opening in the container (25, 29).
    [2]
    2. Lifting and lowering device according to claim 1, characterized in that a sealing plate (13) outside the container (25, 29) is arranged on a side wall (9, 10) of the container and with the holder (12, 17, 18, 26, 31), so that the sealing plate (13) seals the lateral opening in the container (25, 29) to prevent powder from escaping from the container.
    [3]
    3. Lifting and lowering device according to claim 2, characterized in that the sealing plate (13) and / or an outer side of the container (25, 29) is provided with a sealing material, the sealing material at least one element from the group of plastic mats , Metal plates, metal curtains or ceramic plates.
    [4]
    4. Lifting and lowering device according to claim 3, characterized in that the plastic mat contains an element from the group of glass fiber or polyester mats or that the metal plate contains an element from the group of stainless, uncoated or coated metal plates.
    [5]
    5. Lifting and lowering device according to claim 3, characterized in that the sealing material is temperature resistant over a sintered area of a powdery material located in the container (25, 29).
    [6]
    6. Lifting and lowering device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the container (25, 29) has a rear wall (14), the rear wall (14) being higher than the other walls of the container (25, 29), wherein at least one opening slot, which forms the lateral opening, is arranged in the rear wall (14), through which the holder (12, 17, 18, 26, 31) of the carrier (2, 11, 15, 16, 24, 30, 49) is passed through.
    [7]
    7. Lifting and lowering device according to claim 6, characterized in that a rail (22) is arranged on an upper edge of a front wall of the container (25, 29) opposite the rear wall (14), and a vertical offset to the rail (22) Rail (23) is arranged on an upper edge of the rear wall (14), the rail (22, 23) being intended to carry an application device (48) for applying powdery material, which extends along the rail (22, 23) the container (25, 29) is movable.
    [8]
    8. Lifting and lowering device according to one of the preceding claims 2 to 7, characterized in that the sealing plate (13) contains mechanical additional elements for positive, stable and precise guidance, the mechanical additional elements pressing the sealing plate against the container in a form-fitting manner.
    [9]
    9. Lifting and lowering device according to claim 1 or one of claims 6 or 7, characterized in that the lateral opening in the container (25, 29) is covered by a covering device (27) which on one side with an edge of the carrier ( 24) and is connected on another side to a clamping device (28) which is located on an upper edge of the container (25, 29).
    [10]
    10. Lifting and lowering device according to claim 9, characterized in that the clamping device (28) consists of a passively or actively moved roller, which rolls the cover device (27) in an upward or downward movement of the carrier (24) accordingly ,
    [11]
    11. Use of the lifting and lowering device according to one of the preceding claims in a device (40) for layer-by-layer production of a three-dimensional object (41) which is formed from a plurality of layers (42, 43, 44) of a powdery material by the the uppermost layer at the points corresponding to the respective cross section of the object (41) in this layer is solidified by a radiation device (4).
    [12]
    12. Use of the lifting and lowering device according to claim 11, wherein the powdery material can contain an element from the group of plastics or metals, wherein the plastic-containing powdery material has a temperature resistance up to and including 350 ° C or the metal-containing powdery material has a temperature resistance up to and including 2000 ° C.
    CH 710 301 B1

    CH 710 301 B1

    CH 710 301 B1
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CH710301A2|2016-04-29|
    DE102015117431A1|2016-04-21|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US5155324A|1986-10-17|1992-10-13|Deckard Carl R|Method for selective laser sintering with layerwise cross-scanning|
    US5053090A|1989-09-05|1991-10-01|Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System|Selective laser sintering with assisted powder handling|
    US4863538A|1986-10-17|1989-09-05|Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System|Method and apparatus for producing parts by selective sintering|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    CH15982014|2014-10-17|
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